1 Chronicles 19:10

Authorized King James Version

Now when Joab saw that the battle was set against him before and behind, he chose out of all the choice of Israel, and put them in array against the Syrians.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיַּ֣רְא
H7200
saw
to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)
#2
יוֹאָ֗ב
H3097
Now when Joab
joab, the name of three israelites
#3
כִּֽי
H3588
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
#4
הָיְתָ֧ה
H1961
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
#5
פָּנִ֣ים
H6440
was set against him before
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi
#6
הַמִּלְחָמָ֛ה
H4421
that the battle
a battle (i.e., the engagement); generally, war (i.e., war-fare)
#7
אֵלָ֖יו
H413
near, with or among; often in general, to
#8
פָּנִ֣ים
H6440
was set against him before
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi
#9
וְאָח֑וֹר
H268
and behind
the hinder part; hence (adverb) behind, backward; also (as facing north) the west
#10
בָּחוּר֙
H977
he chose out
properly, to try, i.e., (by implication) select
#11
מִכָּל
H3605
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
#12
בָּחוּר֙
H977
he chose out
properly, to try, i.e., (by implication) select
#13
בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל
H3478
of Israel
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
#14
וַֽיַּעֲרֹ֖ךְ
H6186
and put them in array
to set in a row, i.e., arrange, put in order (in a very wide variety of applications)
#15
לִקְרַ֥את
H7125
against
an encountering, accidental, friendly or hostile (also adverbially, opposite)
#16
אֲרָֽם׃
H758
the Syrians
aram or syria, and its inhabitants; also the name of the son of shem, a grandson of nahor, and of an israelite

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to 1 Chronicles. The concept of divine revelation reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of 1 Chronicles Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine revelation in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection